Trash Summary

Trash Summary Trash is an epic novel about three ordinary dumpsite boys that sort through trash for a living. One day they find a key that leads them to a train station locker. From there they start the journey of their lives. Throughout the book many characteristics are shown both good and bad. I have chosen to talk about the themes trust and resilience. I chose these topics because I think both of these were shown many times in the book and they are to things that you need in every day life. Trust is the reliance that you have on one another, the belief that someone will come through for you in a time of need.This was shown many times in the book my favourite example was when Rat, (or Jun-Jun) was there for Raphael and Gardo at the beginning of the book they needed a place to hide the wallet. At any give time he could have gone straight to the police and turned in Raphael and Gardo.. Sister Oliver’s trust, pity and innocence led her to believing the three boys lie, this ende d up putting her at great risk. Later on in the novel Gardo went back to the prison with the 20,000 pesos to give the guard for the bible.The guard tried to catch Gardo but he escaped just in time. I think this was a case where they were forced to trust the guard whether they wanted to or not, they had no option to get the bible or not. Resilience is the ability to bounce back and put up with severe amount of stress. That’s exactly what these boys put up with for the whole book, between being chased by corrupt police and breaking into a grave these boys had amazing mental strength. The best example of this is when Raphael got taken to the police station; he was tortured, beaten and almost killed.It took lots of resilience is just there will to see there adventure all the way through to the end. At any given time they could have quite gone to the police turned the other two in and made 20,000 peso. â€Å" We will fish for ever and live happy lives. That is our plan and nothin g will stop us. † This quote said by Jun-Jun shows that the three boys trust each other to the end of the world. They would die for each other happily. They have been through so much mentally and physically that they could put up with anything. I honestly do think nothing will stop them.

Positive and negative imacts on environment

Humans are the cause for many problems on the environment, right? Actually, humans cause many positive effects In nature. The human race may have had many negative impacts on the environment, however we have also made an equal number of positive impacts. We have not yet made our environment the best it can be, but we are working hard to tix the problems. There is much more that can be done. The human race can be blamed for destroying our environment by doing things such as leaving trash on the beaches and polluting the air with car exhaust.By building on nd near beaches, humans are destroying the nesting grounds for sea turtles, birds, and other beach plants. We also tend to fish too much. While fishing, some people become very careless and sometimes destroy coral reefs that grow on the ocean floor. Humans wlll do anything to protect the beach. such as, building concrete barriers to prevent erosion. All these impacts we make on our environment are slowly turning into positive ones, b ecause of the steps we have begun to take to fix them. If we are trying to fix them our children will see the great effects we are making on the nvironment and want to follow our example.Humans have learned to increase the amount of crop yields to feed the hungry. In doing this we can have healthier humans that want to help get the environment back on track. Along with this idea we are also trying to use natural resources Instead of harsh chemicals, which In turn will create a positive impact on the environment. The fewer chemicals we put Into the environment the less chance we have of destroying our ozone layer. Also there will be less of a chance of contaminating our water, as well. Could having more crop ields be a positive effect on the environment?In many ways It can have a posluve effect on the environment, but in some other ways it can also harm it. It can help the environment by giving the insects and animals more food to survive. The more animals that survive the better the environment will be. Without the existence of animals there would be no environment for humans. In many ways this cant help the environment, one of these ways is because we humans want to try to keep the animals away from the crops. Why? They want more food. To do this we will have to se more chemicals.The more chemicals we use, the more negative impacts we put on the environment, rather than positive effects. In almost all situations, all we have to do Is choose whether or not we want to make a positive impact or negative Impact on the environment. Just remember when you make positive choices you will always get positive results back. positive and negative imacts on environment By ramyanp7 humans cause many positive effects in nature. The human race may have had many are working hard to fix the problems. There is much more that can be done. The loor.Humans will do anything to protect the beach, such as, building concrete are also trying to use natural resources instead of harsh ch emicals, which in turn will create a positive impact on the environment. The fewer chemicals we put into the be less ofa chance of contaminating our water, as well. Could having more crop fields be a positive effect on the environment? In many ways it can have a positive animals there would be no environment for humans. In many ways this can't help to do is choose whether or not we want to make a positive impact or negative impact Positive and Negative Imacts on Environment Humans are the cause for many problems on the environment, right? Actually, humans cause many positive effects in nature. The human race may have had many negative impacts on the environment, however we have also made an equal number of positive impacts. We have not yet made our environment the best it can be, but we are working hard to fix the problems. There is much more that can be done. The human race can be blamed for destroying our environment by doing things such as leaving trash on the beaches and polluting the air with car exhaust.By building on and near beaches, humans are destroying the nesting grounds for sea turtles, birds, and other beach plants. We also tend to fish too much. While fishing, some people become very careless and sometimes destroy coral reefs that grow on the ocean floor. Humans will do anything to protect the beach, such as, building concrete barriers to prevent erosion. All these impacts we make on our environment are slowly turning into positive ones, because of the steps we have begun to take to fix them.If we are trying to fix them our children will see the great effects we are making on the environment and want to follow our example. Humans have learned to increase the amount of crop yields to feed the hungry. In doing this we can have healthier humans that want to help get the environment back on track. Along with this idea we are also trying to use natural resources instead of harsh chemicals, which in turn will create a positive impact on the environment. The fewer chemicals we put into the environment the less chance we have of destroying our ozone layer.Also there will be less of a chance of contaminating our water, as well. Could having more crop fields be a positive effect on the environment? In many ways it can have a positive effect on the environment, but in some other ways it can also harm it. It can help the environment by giving the insects and animals more food to survive. The more animals that survive the better the environment will be. Without the existence of animals there would be no environment for humans.In many ways this can’t help the environment, one of these ways is because we humans want to try to keep the animals away from the crops. Why? They want more food. To do this we will have to use more chemicals. The more chemicals we use, the more negative impacts we put on the environment, rather than positive effects. In almost all situations, all we have to do is choose whether or not we want to make a positive impact or negative impact on the environment. Just remember when you make positive choices you will always get positive results back.

Creating a World Beyond Reality Essay

In Azar Nafisi’s â€Å"Selections from Reading Lolita in Tehran†, Nafisi and her students, rather than denying the reality that they live in, created a world alternate from their reality. In their physical world the government has stripped them of their individualism. They were unable to act or do as individuals would, thus they went to the book club as a way to escape reality. It gave them insight into a world they could not experience. Literature becomes their color in their bleak world of black and white restrictions. They came to the realization, through their readings, that they had given their government the power to take away from them their individuality. They created a fictional world to let them be individuals and escape the restrictions that their physical environment placed upon them. With this fictional world, they rebelled against their government and used it as a way to escape their harsh reality. Possessing their fictional world allowed them to remain unique individuals. Fiction can express truth as effectively as reality. The way someone views reality can be their own fiction. Nafisi and her students did not use fiction as a way to deny their reality but instead it opened up a window of many minds other than their own. They learn from fiction just as much if not more than they do with reality. Fiction brought them realities they never would have been able to be aware of in their physical world â€Å"She fashions her universe not through physical force, as does the king, but through imagination and reflection† (Nafisi 259). They learn through fiction that they have one thing that the Revolution did not and could not take away from them, their imagination They learn that with their imagination it makes them each their own unique person. Fiction helped them realize more about themselves and more about reality. Their situation is similar to the character of that book, although they cannot do anything to chance their lives through force, they have their imagination and that itself is enough to make a differences for themselves. Furthermore, Nafisi and her students enabled themselves to experience new worlds by exposing themselves to different realities from the books they read. Instead of denying they are now aware of other worlds beyond their own. â€Å"do not, under any circumstances, belittle a work of fiction by trying to turn it into a carbon copy of real life: what we search for in fiction is not so much reality but the epiphany of truth† (Nafisi 248). They did not try to hide reality with their created world, only to better their state of mind by allowing themselves the freedom to think as individuals. Nafisi did not want the purpose of this book club to make her students try to live the realities of the books, she wanted to make them aware of realities that they are unable to experience physically. Their government has suppressed them and they are not allowed any individuality so the purpose of the book club enabled them â€Å"to experience how the ordinary pebble of ordinary life could be transformed into a jewel through the magic eye of fiction. † (Nafisi 252). The only way they can get away from their dull lives is through this book club. By reading, it brightens their lives in way they could never be able to do on their own. Their fictional creation allows them to be individuals and escape restrictions that their physical environment has on them. In the book club, Nafisi and her students are given â€Å"the possibility of a boundless freedom when all options are taken away† (Nafisi 262). They find a way to be stay their real unique selves through their learning. â€Å"Reality has become so intolerable, she said, so bleak, that all I can paint now are the colors of my dreams† (Nafisi 253). The book club is the only way they can get a break from their reality. It helps the girls keep their distinct selves. Dreams are something the government cannot take away from someone, just like their created world they still have something personal left of them. â€Å"acts of writing are his means of escape. He is a hero because he refuses to become like all the rest. † (Nafisi 262). Their fictional world is some place for the girls to flee to. Reading the writing helps them see things from a different perspective they are unable to encounter, the story they create is their fantasy and thats what keeps them individuals. The Revolution is trying to mold them into people they want them to be, while they are creating themselves. The government is trying to control their reality and their fiction. Nafisi and her students are rebelling against their government not only by attending this book club but with the creation of their fictional world. Their fictional world opens up their minds and empowers them to exercise their right to be able to think how they wish to. That is something the government tried but could not take away from them. Nafisi and her students are not denying their reality by creating this world of theirs, they have accepted it in order to build a barrier around themselves from that reality. â€Å"An absurd fictionality ruled our lives. We tried to live in the open spaces, in the chinks created between that room, which had become our protective cocoon and the censor’s world of witches and goblins outside† (Nafisi 264). The veil they are forced to wear, is a symbol of fictionality because the Revolution is forcing everyone to pretend to be someone who they are not. The book club is a safe haven for their individuality. It protects their different characteristics from the government. With their fictional world, they are going against the government and not letting their authorities oppress them. â€Å"These girls, my girls, had both a real history and a fabricated one† (Nafisi 265). Keeping both worlds is an act of rebellion against government who tried to make them conform to the real standards of their society. â€Å"Is she aware, Sanaz, of her own power? Does she realize how dangerous she can be when her every stray gesture is a disturbance to public safety? † (Nafisi 265). They are the only ones who have control over how and what they think. By creating this fictional world they are making changes against the government. â€Å"where we simultaneously invented ourselves and were figments of someone else’s imagination† (Nafisi 263). Nafisi and her students are living through the stories they read, like being the characters that they created, it makes them stronger, inspires them. Fiction has become a coping mechanism for them, giving them stronger will to deal with reality. â€Å"to experience how the ordinary pebble of ordinary life could be transformed into a jewel through the magic eye of fiction. †(Nafisi 252). They are able to view things with different eyes, in the books they read there is a much more optimistic view than their reality. Seeing things through someone else’s perspective lightens the burden of their reality. They can escape real life momentarily and see things from an unrestricted point of view. Their created world is something that gives them strength to carry on with their daily lives. Denying reality does not help, therefore when they create the fictional world of theirs they realize that the government is trying to take away from who they are. In reality they are the ones who have power over their own minds if not anything else. â€Å" imagine us the way we sometimes didn’t dare to imagine ourselves in our most private and secret moments, in the most extraordinarily ordinary instances of life, listening to music†¦ or reading Lolita in Tehran. † (Nafisi 250). In their real world they always have to be careful of letting themselves show their true selves, but with fiction they are not afraid to be themselves. In fiction, they compare their own situations with the characters in the books they read. Those books teach them things such as totalitarianism to being happy a goal. â€Å"the most central of which was how these great works of imagination could help us in our present trapped situation as women. We were not looking for blueprints†¦we did hope to find a link between the open spaces the novels provided and the closed ones we were confined to† (Nafisi 259). These novels become the girls source of freedom. With these books they are allowed to freely interpret and believe whatever they with in contrast to their reality where they are not allowed to have their own opinions. With their imagination they are not denying themselves, but rather filling in the spaces that they are missing. They cannot experience many things in real life so to fill the void, they do so with fiction. By finding a link between fiction and reality they found a way to keep their individualism. And accepting and creating, fiction allows for them to have a stronger will in order to keep who they are even in the world they are in. â€Å"Perhaps one way of finding out the truth was to do what we did: to try to imaginatively articulate these two worlds and, through that process, give shape to our vision and identity† (Nafisi 264). They are not denying reality, rather it helps them to accept it, they use this world to get through reality, their world reality or imagination motivates them to continue having a strong will and continue moving forward. Not only does it give them the strength to carry on but it keeps their identities in their minds by accepting and personalizing their fantasies motivating them to be individuals. In conclusion, Nafisi and her students have found a way to escape their restrictions and can let themselves be who they want to be through fiction. With the use of literature, Nafisi and her students are trying to reshape and create their own reality. Although their freedoms are temporary, Nafisi’s home is safe from the censor the Revolution put on them that limits their thoughts and actions. They now have power over their minds, something they must rebel against the government to be able to keep for themselves. To be able to keep that power over their minds they are keeping their individualism. Because the girls comply with the government and also participate in the book club, they are not denying reality instead they are learning ways to accept and cope with it. Through fiction Nafisi and her students learned more about themselves and the powers of imagination.

Future of Electronic Commerce Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Future of Electronic Commerce Technology - Essay Example It allows manufacturers to buy at a low cost worldwide, and it offers enterprises the chance to sell at a global market right from the start. The major change it has gone through since the past 5 years is the growing market opportunity it has provided to the developing countries. E-commerce has helped them enter the prosperous global market place, and so it has helped reduce the gap between rich and poor countries. In the upcoming era the B2B e-commerce would create new and better job opportunities and placements and would be expected to grow at double the rate it is growing today. B2C (Business to Consumer) e-commerce, despite of all the benefits of new technology along with a lot of media attention, is still in its early stages. The reason behind the slow growth of B2C e-commerce is those threats and vulnerabilities that lead to critical security measures in this respect and are creating new risks and hypes for consumers as well as retailers. There is a need to secure online services along with the factor of "availability" as most shoppers prefer to travel umpteen distances rather than to do discounted shopping online, just because of the threat of security issues like hacking, stealing or losing their credit card numbers. This means there is a desperate need to update the security measures of e-commerce and if the issue resolves to some extent, there would be a drastic change in the slow performance of B2C e-commerce in the next 5-10 years. In this respect the upcoming technology would focus more on the client side security than on ordinary security measures. The information would be more protected and secured between the customer's system and the server, which would be seen as an outcome in the form of enhanced retailing and wholesaling. The security issues would be resolved and the threat to hack would be minimized resulting in the benefits of new technology not limited to only e-commerce companies. Consumers would also be empowered with the ability to counter many of the current micro-marketing tools. If the success of online dynamic pricing rests on the asymmetry of information between consumers and retailers, new technology may hold the promise of "blowing" such asymmetries to "bits" (Philip & Thomas, 2000). The explosion of shopping comparison Web sites and the prevalence of "shopping bots" used by consumers to track competitive prices are just two examples of how technology can be used by consumers to combat the potentially exploitive practices of dynamic pricing. (Jason, 2000) The Internet has already revolutionized the world of Investment and finance. E-commerce has enabled online stock trading to be done online by just logging on to the website and making a few key strokes along with few clicks of mouse to identify the stock and number of shares involved in the transaction, one can buy and sell securities in seconds. Several trading platforms has been built in order to revolutionize the concept of stocks and trading, e-commerce has enabled a common man to engage in any type of online business which in the other case had not been possible. However the major issue to be considered behind the spectrum of online trading is

Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Poverty - Essay Example The same case applies to her citizens (Geoffrey, 2004). When America as a country is able to see the real faces of poverty; she will be able to see the need for stepping in and helping the poor countries. The very first motivation will be for humanitarian reasons. Thus, just like individuals who give their money for charity, America will see the need that it has a moral duty to assist people who are in other countries and are suffering from the devastating effects of drought, famine, disease as well as war. America also being the world’s superpower ought to donate money for not only her political ambitions but also diplomatic ones. America definitely wants to sustain a dependency relationship with the recipient countries or rather to basically influence the direction as well as the government of a given country. The other main reason why seeing the real faces of poverty is important to America as a country and to Americans as individuals is for economic reasons .America may be interested in controlling the supply of such commodities like water, wheat as well as oil. America may also alternatively want to guarantee markets for their own home made products, such as shoes, heavy machinery, computers as well as planes. This is a critical reason why America should be at the forefront of supporting poor countries and not just turning a blind eye to them. American businesses as well as entrepreneurs need poor countries as much as they need them. America may also be interested in seeing the real faces of poverty so that through her influence of global affairs, she can facilitate opening up of trade barriers so as to assist poor countries sell their products more easily, conveniently as well as profitably. On this same vein, America can see to it that punitive subsidies are removed so as to facilitate importation of products from poor nations; thus ensuring fair play and healthy competition. America as a global superpower

Gloria Steinem Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gloria Steinem - Term Paper Example Her grandmother Pauline Steinem was a revered suffragette in her day. But in the early years of Gloria’s life, there was little evidence to suggest that she would uphold her grandmother’s legacy. Since her father had to relocate to new cities very frequently, the young Gloria Steinem could not be enrolled in a regular school. All her early education was provided by her mom at home. This delicate family equilibrium came to an abrupt end, when Gloria was only 8 years old her parents broke off their marriage. Not only was young Gloria deprived of a father figure, she was also thrust into a life of grinding poverty in the next few years. Complicating an already dire situation was her mother’s propensity to suffer mental depression. In the years following the divorce, Steinem’s mother fell into such an abysmal depression that the mother-daughter roles reversed for once and Gloria was left to take care of her ailing mother. When in her late teens, she went to li ve with her elder sister in Washington, D.C., where she enrolled for Smith College. Just as she was about to complete her degree, she got a break which were to prove very significant. In 1956, in the year of her graduation, she got selected for a two year scholarship program in India ((Sondra, 1987). The two years Steinem spent in India during her formative years were to prove profound for her understanding of women’s issues. The experience broadened and deepened her grasp of the status of women in the Third World and how socio-political realities impose severe restrictions for freedom of women. She realized that â€Å"the high standard of living most Americans take for granted was not available to all. She commented at the time that ‘America is an enormous frosted cupcake in the middle of millions of starving people’. She returned strongly motivated to fight social injustice and embarked on her career as a journalist†. (www.gale.cengage.com) Emboldened by her

Drug abuse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Drug abuse - Essay Example Drugs do come in various forms such as pills, powder or in crystals. Individuals who abuse these drugs do it in several ways and it does depend on the nature of the drug. A victim can consume the drug by swallowing if in pill form, snorted if it is in the form of powder as well as injection buy use of a needle or a syringe. Furthermore, those drugs that are in crystal form can be smoked or in haled by the victims. Using of drugs such as stimulants do aid in boosting an individuals moods, alertness, self esteem as well as energy with increased heart beats. However, I will not recommend its use since as they increased an individual’s rate of heart beats it leads to the blood pressure being elevated, which may cause long term sickness on increased blood pressure. As a result of the negative effects in our bodies in spite of the short term positive effect, considering the long term as the way then it is absurd to the victim. Such problems do lead to early deaths and the society is bound to loose most of it productive individuals. On the other hand stimulants are used to suppress appetite for a short period for individuals who are obese. Drugs such as Amphetamines is a stimulant that are mostly prescribed by doctors but if abused they affect the brain. The body and the brain can be affected by Dexedrine and Ritalin. These drugs have a chemical structure which is similar to the neurotransmitters referred to as monoamines including nor epinephrine and dopamine. Stimulants do increase chemical amounts in the brain as a result of this pressure of blood is increased as well as the rate at which the heart is beating. There is constricts blood vessels, the level of glucose in blood is increased as the path of the respiratory system is opened.... As a result of this, there is constricts blood vessels, the level of glucose in blood is increased as the path of the respiratory system is opened. In addition, it causes increase in dopamine which is related to the sense of euphoria that can be used with Nicotine which are stimulants as well that may lead to the storage of neurotransmitter dopamine in the victims brain. As a result of the dopamine concentration creates a stimulating feeling of euphoria that the victim experiences (Gitlin, 197-199). It is dangerous to use the stimulant sometimes. In spite of their use not leading to dependency which is physical and facing withdrawal risks. They are very addictive leading to the victim to use the stimulant compulsively. As a result of use which is continuous cause the individual not only affecting their bodies with the drug but also they never think of development since the little they earn is spend on drugs leading to a vicious circle in the society. Furthermore, when high doses are taken by an individual over a short time can lead to one feeling hostile. In addition, when high doses are taken body an individual it leads to high temperature for a body which is dangerous as well as heart beats which are irregular. It also leads to cardiovascular failure or what is referred to as lethal seizures. Most stimulants are very addictive such as cocaine, amphetamines as well as methamphetamine. It is tough for an individual to even try to use the stimulants after trying them because the victim will not be able to predict the extent of at which they will be under the influence. Depressants are drugs that are also abuse by human being across the globe. The central nervous system is usually affected by the depressant

Health care management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Health care management - Essay Example This paper explores how this new role would affect my personal life, and identifies a number of possible ward problems and possible approaches for tacking these problems are suggested. These include expectations from the team that I should do more hands on work, instead of planning; the problem of interpersonal conflicts, e.g. between nursing and administration teams, and complexity compression. One problem case in particular, that of an underperforming nurse colleague, is examined in more detail using the control (ie checking and quality control) management process. The first challenge that will face me upon taking up this responsible position will be the need for me to make personal adjustments to the new role. It is not easy to suddenly become a person who is held responsible for others in a team, and I anticipate both a high workload and an increase in stress caused by the fact that I will encounter new issues that I have not had to deal with before. It will make sense for me to scale down family and free time commitments as far as possible for the first few months so that I can keep focussed on the job. It would be a good idea to plan a specially rewarding holiday for my first leave period a few months down the line. The transition into the nurse manager role is difficult if one attempts it alone, and yet discussing personal worries or problems with members of the ward team would not help them to trust my judgement. It has been suggested (Belcher, 2006) that it is a good idea for new managers to actively seek out a mentor figure who is not in the same immediate area of work, but who knows the organization and the general demands of the role. This author suggests locating someone with good chemistry, clarifying what the mentor is expected to do, and using that mentor to find out all the ins and outs of the larger organization, including shortcuts to the people who hold key information or who have power in particular areas (Belcher, p. 150-151).

Ethical issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Ethical issues - Essay Example On the other hand, the victims of the burglary want to see justice by the burglar being convicted. This seems fair because they were subjected to psychological torture and maybe physical when the burglary took place and, hence, deserves justice to be accorded to them, as this is their constitutional right. Convicting the burglar with no clear and conclusive evidence that the individual committed the act is not only unfair but also an abuse of the freedom of movement of that individual because the person may not have committed the burglary. If the person is wrongfully convicted, he can sue the D.A (Pollock2011). The most ethical decision for the D.A to make in this case is to let the said burglar serve probation in the community. This is not only moral and ethically justified but it will be a win-win situation for both parties and especially if they told of the repercussions of taking the case to trial (the victims may lose the case due to lack of conclusive evidence or the burglar may be convicted of a crime he did not

Chemical Engineering at the University of Wyoming Essay

Chemical Engineering at the University of Wyoming - Essay Example Other key requirements for licensure are: (2) Pass the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam (which you will take your senior year at UW); (3) Practice engineering after graduation for four years under the supervision of a licensed professional engineer; and (4) Pass the Principles and Practice exam. To maintain ABET accreditation of our B.S. in chemical engineering, we must assess how students perform against 11 outcomes (called the Criterion 3 (a)-(k) outcomes). The outcomes can be found in the General Catalog and also at http://www.uwyo.edu/chemical/undergraduate/department_programs/chemical/program%20objectives.html Bart, a registered professional engineer (PE), works for the oil and gas exploration division of a major oil and gas producer (Company A). Bart’s sister, Lisa, also a registered PE, works for an oil and gas research and development (R&D) company called Well-Aware, LLC whose major client is a company (Company B) that competes directly with Company A. During a family get-together, Lisa excitedly tells her brother Bart all about the new design for a deepwater well sealing system she has been working on with her research group at Well-Aware, LLC. The design could save a lot of money in construction without sacrificing safety. Having studied well design for many years Lisa is exceptional in her ability to understand the intricacies of each design component of a well and how they are interrelated. However, since she is not as familiar with problems that can occur in the field, she asks Bart a few questions relating to the feasibility of the new system. The two saw no harm in this si nce Company A and Company B were in talks to potentially share each other's new well design technologies. Bart, having had extensive field experience, mentioned a few instances where field implementing the design could be improved. According to the scenario, there are a number of unethical and illegal actions that may occur. These actions may occur because Bart and Lisa shared confidential information regarding their respective companies. The following illegal and unethical actions may occur.

Shark Cull Oral Essay Example for Free

Shark Cull Oral Essay Does any of you in the class know the themed music for jaws? of course you do, we all do. Because sharks are really scary arnt they? Sadly Films such as this as well as the media have built up this huge reputation of sharks being threatening, alarming ; Dangerous monsters of the sea. Its a tragedy! Today I will be arguing for the rights of these misrepresented sharks and how this new catch and kill policy is completely wrong. Firstly Id like to inform you on what the catch and kill policy actually is. It was a new policy introduced around January by the Western Australia Premier, Colin Barnett due to 6 fatal attacks by sharks in the past 2 years. Barnets plan to combat this is by killing off any sharks which exceed 3 metres long in the Western Australia waters. He has implemented 2 methods. Setting out â€Å"Drum lines† (baited hooks attached to drums) a kilometer of the busy shores and also paying professional fisherman to hunt down Great whites, Tiger sharks ; Bull sharks in designated â€Å"kill zones†. Pretty appalling isnt it? Especially when the Great White shark is an endangered species. 90% of the worlds great white sharks have been killed, and here we are in a country where we greatly appreciate our beaches and marine life are adding to those statistics. Shark are a predator in the ocean and the potential risks of being attacked by them are known but is killing them really the best solution? Scientist from all over Australia, as well as Marine Life Advocates have been trying to drill in to Barnett that there are better solutions available, and that killing them will have no impact on decreasing the fatal attacks. (Why barrnets doing it, his thoughts behind it) Since 2011 39 people have died in Western Australia due to fatal car incidents, that more then triples the deaths caused by shark. So does this mean that it is to dangerous to be driving on our roads? Is this going to be another up coming law to be made by Barnett? A quick, illogical solution to so called protect the people. Western Australia is a common place for shark sightings. Yet the reasons for this is not because of there growing population but due to the increasing numbers of seals and whales heading in to the shallower waters. Even though this is the case, the chance of a fatal attack is still extremely rare. According to a poll from the UMR research company, 80% of Australians havent changed how often they swim, surf or take part in other recreational actives in the ocean, even though there has been a rise in shark attacks. Australian Citizens and anyone else who decides to go and swim at the beach should be well aware of the potential risks of shark attacks.. The ocean is the home to these species, and us? Where just visitors. People keep getting this thought that the increase of shark attacks are due to the increase in there population, but really its the increase in the human population. Gradually as our population grows, more and more people are going to the beaches and participating in water related activities which leads to an increase in shark encounters. Marine life Activists and others who object to this have stated that it is inhumane, unnecessary and environmentally irresponsible. Throughout Australia there are similar programs that run on the eastern coast that use baited hooks and nets to prevent sharks from entering protected beaches, but the reason why WAs proposal is extra controversial is because theyre targeting great whites. The first shark that was killed since the program began was just after 7am on Australia day. It was a 3m female tiger shark caught in meelup beach. The shark had swallowed a large hook attached to a heavy chain in which caused the animal to become increasingly distressed as it was prevented from swimming. The animal thrashed about in the water in apparent agony until it was shot 4 times in the head at a close range with a .22 calibre rifle. Ever since the laws were passed there has been a lot of backlash from the community. There has been major protests all through out australia as well as internationally in New Zealand ; South Africa. Manly Beach protest organiser Alice Forrest, who is an aquarist at Manly Sea Life Sanctuary has said that the cull is not science based, and rather then helping with tourism all its going to do is give WA a redneck reputation and decrease the amount of tourism there. In the 1960’s and 70’s Hawaii implemented a similar proposal which did more bad then good. The program failed to create any kind of significant decrease in shark attacks but managed to kill over 4000 sharks. The fisherman who has been employed to set and monitor drum lines, and kill and dispose sharks is being paid more then $5,700 a day resulting in over $610,000 for the season. The opposition leader Mark McGowen has stated that the cost is exorbitant and is costing tax payers a lot of money that could have gone towards scientific methods to help save lives. Mr Barnett has said that he gets no enjoyment from seeing these shark dies, but he will put his food forward in trying to protect the people. From saying this, the majority of the Western Australian people are against the laws that Barnett has put in place. The Great White Shark is the top predator of the ocean, meaning that it is not hunted by other animals in the waters. The Great White has been listed as an endangered species due to the over hunting of them for shark teeth and there fins. Fatal snake attacks in Australia have risen from 2 to 5 deaths in 2013. The controversy with this is however is that these particular brown snakes are an Australian protected species so that even though they kill us, We will never kill them. And due to the fact that the great whites roam around waters other then Australians, this makes it okay for us to kill those endangered species. Scientists have estimated that Sharks are pregnant for roughly 18 months causing them to have slow reproduction rates. This means that it is hard for them to recover there over hunted population. What the Government is doing is not saving the people, but killing out an endangered species. There is no evidence that suggests that the killing of these sharks will help to prevent shark attacks. Scientists and shark specialists have been on the governments back about this yet they just dont want to hear it. The reality of this is, that whether you like sharks or they do play a crucial role on this planet. If Shark culling keeps going the way it is then it can begin to tamper with our primary air and food sources. Through out the past 450 million years sharks have kept our seas healthy due to being the apex predator of the ocean. The role of sharks is to keep other marine life in a healthy balance. Sharks also have a major impact on the ecosystem that provides for 1/3 of our worlds food, produces more oxygen than all the rain forests combined, removes half of the atmospheres manmade carbon dioxide and controls our planets temperature and weather. A world without sharks means disastrous effects including the collapse of fisheries and the death of coral reefs. Imagine if sharks do become eliminated from ours waters? Our best natural defence against global warming and the lose of more oxygen then what is produced by all the trees and jungles in the world combined. Going back to Jaws, 2 Australians Ron Valery Taylor who were marine conservationists pioneering cameramen for Spielbergs Jaws have stated that they felt a sense of shame in a way, that they made so many people terrified of sharks ; going in the water. The unfortunate side of the successful movie is how theyve demonised this beautiful majestic creature. So What is it going to take? Thousands of people from WA and all parts of Australia have been coming to together to try and put an end to this absolute disgraceful policy, I think its time for the Government to listen before its to late. We cannot let our shark population being become extinct, We cannot let colin Barnett keep killing these sharks We cannot give up on fighting for the rights of these sharks. Its there water, So stop the slaughter!!!!

Income Inequality Essay Example for Free

Income Inequality Essay Minimum Wage Income inequality in America has become a big issue, one that many of us hear every day; whether on the news or from our parents. But normally, we don’t hear the actual phrase used. We hear things like â€Å"the top two percent,† or, the â€Å"rich vs. the poor.† So, what is income inequality? Income inequality is defined as the difference between individuals or populations in the distribution of their assets, wealth, or income. So, with that in mind, why would anyone be against raising a minimum wage? At first glance, the plan does seem to be an intelligent fix to a problem that’s stayed dormant for quite a while. Raising the minimum wage drastically from where it was in 2009 to now would be a blunt and possibly inefficient way of continuing to attempt to give the poor a better way of life. There is one simple fact that many people simply don’t look at: there are more than one group of people working for minimum wage. There is a myriad of people working for the federal 7.50, from teenagers on their first jobs to older people with second jobs. Jonathon Guryan, an economist at Northwestern University and a neutral observer of the wage debate, said that â€Å"Its not helping as many or as large a portion of the labor market as you probably would like.† This being said, the workers that will benefit from a minimum wage increase would be so diverse that the group of people we are aiming to help, the poor and desperate, wouldn’t be getting all the help. Now, what of the small businesses and family companies that can hardly handle the current minimum wage? Well, they’d be taking a hit too if a drastic increase such as this were to hit. Businesses that make less money than others in their profits per year are expected to have to cut down on their expenses and lay off their workforce in order to compensate for the loss of funds. So, while the minimum wage would benefit the people in the business lucky enough to not be laid off, those who were fired could  be the very people we were attempting to help. Unfortunately, this could mean that a large part of the workforce that handles manual labor could be out of the job. Other businesses would not even be that lucky. There are much better ways to fight income inequality than just simply raising the federal minimum wage. It’s a very black and white argument for a topic that is not so black and white. To better improve our income equality, and therefore lift people out of poverty, we could be putting more funding into things like education, food stamps and the Earned Income Tax Credit (or the EITC), which is a refundable tax credit targeting people who make a low income. It would be a shame to not only miss a chance to reduce poverty now, but to forget that we’ll all be having this same conversation in a few years if we just raise the minimum wage. That being said, I don’t believe the federal minimum wage should be raised to $10.00 per hour.

Importance Of Financial Inclusion In The Indian Scenario

Importance Of Financial Inclusion In The Indian Scenario Gandhi had once had once remarked, Our cities are not India. India lives in her seven and a half lakh of villageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. (Gandhi 1966:288-89). Thus to build a strong India it becomes very necessary to strengthen and build its villages. The banking and financial services in our country had been limited to a section of elite population. Despite huge demand for these services the financial structure of such services has forever been very weak. The population in these regions have to depend on the informal sector like the local money-lenders for availing finance. Thus there arises the need for Financial Inclusion. By Financial Inclusion we mean the easy delivery of financial services to large sections of the unprivileged society. It also means availing loans to the disadvantaged society at affordable cost. HISTORY AND EMERGENCE IN INDIA The concept of Financial Inclusion can be traced back to the year 1904 when Co-operative Movement took place in India. It gained momentum when 14 major commercial banks of the country were nationalized in 1969 and bank scheme was introduced thereafter. Branches were opened in large numbers across the country and even in the areas which were previously being neglected and those which needed quick recovery to escape the viscous cycle of poverty. Even after all these measures even till date a sizable portion of the population of the country could not be brought under the fold of banking system. In India the credit structure is crumbling and the availability of funds to the needy and disadvantaged is very poor. There are only a meagre number of such banks which are actually functional and really fulfilling the aim of bringing about financial equality and stability in the system. There is an immediate need for increased interaction and greater participation from state, banks and SHGs. The enactment of the Regional Rural Banks Act in the mid 1970s was the first step toward Financial Inclusion. It had lead to the geographical expansion of the credits and has made financial services accessible to the rural poor. In India the financial coverage of the rural communities by the commercial banks and the regional rural banks is only 29% and only about 17 % by the long-term and short-term rural credit cooperative societies. It is rather more saddening to see the result of these financial institutions individually servicing the villages. Presently each branch office of the Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) services only 20 villages and the Primary Agricultural Credit Societies up to 6.4 villages. These figures itself portray the disheartening condition of the financial structure in rural India and achieving Financial Inclusion seems like a distant dream. In fact, there is a severe gap in financial access which needs special attention. IMPORTANCE OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN THE INDIAN SCENARIO India ranks second in the world in terms of Financially Excluded Households. In India even today loans are not available to about 135 million households. According to a report in The Hindu dated 8th December, 2012 the Deputy Governor of The Reserve Bank of India Dr K. C. Chakrabarty had remarked, India needs strong measures for the financial inclusion of the poor and the marginalized. The main reasons for financial exclusion in India, from the demand side are lack of awareness, low income, poverty and illiteracy while from the supply side is distance from branch, branch timings, cumbersome documentation and procedures, unsuitable products, language, staff attitudes etc. Thus there is an immediate need to improve on the status of Financial Inclusion in our country and this has to start from the base levels. Financial Inclusion contributes to an all round development of the society. We can show that with help of a systematic diagram:- P.T.O Financial Inclusion fulfils some economics objectives and also some social and political objectives. The economic objectives includes equitable growth of the society which implies integrating everyone in the development process mobilization of savings towards the needy larger markets for financial systems so that loans are available to the unprivileged class easily While the Social and Political objectives comprised of poverty elevation for the welfare of the general people sustainable development programs to be implemented channelizing governments programs in the right direction Thus to bring about an all round development in the society we need to have a strong financial structure. It is only possible with both government interventions and also community participation. There has to be community indulgence at a very great extent. They have to come together and collaborate with the banks and take part in their initiatives to promote financial inclusion. There are innumerable loopholes which have to focus on and dealt with to bring about equitable growth. We now concentrate on two case studies which throw light on some of the issues discussed above. CASE STUDIES We now narrow down our study and concentrate on two case studies which will help us analyse the problems of Financial Inclusion in India: Case Study 1: The Economically Backward region of Jharkhand Case Study 2: The Progressive Ras village of Gujarat Case study 1: JHARKHAND The Reserve Bank of India being the apex bank in India had given guidelines to all the commercial banks to promote financial inclusion in rural India. We take up the case study highlighting the economically backward region of Jharkhand. Poverty in Jharkhand had had a prolonged chain and this could be escaped only through financial inclusion. The main reasons for it being A very dense population A very low rate of literacy- about 53.6% Extremely poor state with the National Average of people below the poverty line being 40.2% The senior level executives in RBI were worried about the extremely low performance of the state in rural areas in Jharkhand and thus a branch of RBI was setup in Ranchi. The commercial banks were given direction to promote financial inclusion. The commercial banks tried to promote financial inclusion in this region by taking into account some other channels as involving the Self-Help Groups (SHGs), Micro-finance Institutions (MFIs), Non-Commercial Banks as National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (NABARD), various Non- Governmental organizations, some Non- Banking Finance Companies (NBFCs), Co-operatives and Co-operative banks. Although a large chunk of the population in Jharkhand lives in rural areas the private banks have only 13% of the total number of branches in the rural areas. The commercial banks were very reluctant to open branches here as due to poverty, less demand for financial inclusion, insufficient manpower and inappropriate technology there were high chances of incurring losses. But it was thought to be the responsibility of the banks to induce into the people a sense of financial inclusiveness. It was Bank of India who was the first to come forward and served as a backbone of the public sector banks in the light of financial inclusion in Jharkhand. Bank of India set up 385 branches in Jharkhand. Bank of India had done a commendable job in Jharkhand in terms of number of branches it had opened keeping in view the highly dispersed and dense population of the country. The products offered were Kisan Credit Card, General Credit Card, loans to run micro-finance and micro-insurance. Also a workin g group was setup by RBI to internalise NGOs and SHGs as a potential intervention tool for doing banking business with the marginalised and poor. The NABARD too came up with a massive program called the SHG Bank Linkage Programme (SBLP). According to a report there were about 5265 new savings account which were opened through SHG interventions. Though the initiative seems to be a success at a glance, but the real picture differs. The SHGs and NGOs themselves were not financially and technically sound. For successful community participation it was required to train the individuals, give them basic financial education and acquaint them with modern technologies. Thus technical empowerment could have been enabled by the commercial banks by training and development practices of banking and financial risk management. They also needed financial support. Jharkhand being largely dependent on agricultural and related occupations led to high irregularity of income. This made situations worse as in the years when agricultural and related business did not perform well all steps taken to promote financial inclusion failed. Farmers in Jharkhand do not have access to formal finance for growing crops because of the high risk associated with it. Thus there was need for creating avenues of insurance trade for the farmer to participate in the process of financial inclusion. Development of mobile banking services can be a great way in improving the condition of financial inclusion in the state. Jharkhand having very poor rate of literacy most of the masses know no other language than their vernacular language and in such situations technology based devises like ATM machines do not serve the purpose and becomes a hurdle in the way of financial inclusiveness. Thus there was a need for the RBI and the commercial banks to take up the issue with more intensive research and proper handling. Improving and better monitoring of the commercial banks by reporting at specifies intervals, it should be made mandatory for banks have to undergo a statutory audit every year apart from the internal audit system that they posses and also assessing them on their achievements in the process of promoting financial inclusion. Thus a better planning and better approach towards things were required to achieve the aimed goal. Case Study 2: RAS VILLAGE IN GUJRAT The next study concerns the Ras Village in Gujarat. This village unlike that of villages in Jharkhand is a much more developed and progressive village. The Ras Village contributes much to the revolutionary Amul Co-operative movement in Gujarat. The village had a well-functional Government Community Health Centre and branches of public sector banks. According to a report the total deposit base was 250 million dollars on 31 March 2007 where Non- Resident Indians constituted 50 % of the banks deposit base. The above village was a pretty well off and a progressive village according to the Indian standards, where the dairy activity has helped to improve the living standards of the people. Ras village more or less had some kind of financial structure and was not totally absent as in the case of villages in Jharkhand. We now focus on the data regarding presence of bank accounts and availing credit facilities in these areas: Economic Research (NCAER) The above study shows that 75.2 per cent of the villagers have bank accounts and 26.7 per cent have availed credit. According to a report by the World Bank Rural Finance Access Survey (RFAS) of 2003 which indicated that on an average only 41 per cent of rural households have bank accounts and among that only 21 per cent have some access to formal credit avenues (Bapat, 2010). Keeping that as a benchmark we can say that the Ras Village is an Ideal village as the number of people availing loans is 26.7 per cent and 75.2 per cent villagers having a bank account is a striking number in itself. The customers had a high rate of satisfaction in holding the bank accounts. The customers perceptions were based on efficiency in the functioning of the banks, adequacy, timeliness, cost, security, convenience, staff and transactions Almost 66 per cent of the villagers were inclined towards future credit facilities. The villagers were urged upon taking cattle loans, business loans and also housing loans. There was clear indication of the villagers wanting to participate in rural credit and avail loans. There has been financial penetration up to a very extent and there was ample scope for further penetration. But there is another very important aspect which existed in the Ras village which lead to these the well-developed cooperative milk collection system. They were already at a stable condition as the community had come forward and formed the milk cooperative. The banks had collaborated with them which lead to the upliftment of the village. It was profitable for the banks to enter into an agreement with the clients and the village cooperative milk-collection centre. Not only the village concerned but the whole of Gujarat has developed very rapidly on all economics terms including banking. And to achieve this goal the community and the cooperatives banks have played a crucial role. There was a significant correlation between holding bank account and their income, education, asset holding status and living conditions. The villagers in this village were economically more or less stable with moderate asset holding and thus they could easily avail loans. COMPARISONS After having an extensive view into the case studies we get a contrasting picture of the two villages in India. On one hand we have Jharkhand which is one of the poorest states in India and we see a crumbling financial structure. While on the other hand we have Gujarat, which at one point of time had aimed at 100 per cent financial inclusion, though that remains unattained but it has been is financially stable and has achieved been called a progressive state. The case studies give us an in-sight into the reasons for such glaring disparity in the same country. We now try and systematically try to analyse it in a tabular form. JHARKHAND RAS VILLAGE, GUJRAT ECONOMIC CONDITIONS Extremely poor state with the National Average of people below the poverty line being 40.2% Mostly dependent on agriculture or related activities Banks unwilling to collaborate Farmers do not have access to formal finance because of the high risk associated with it Being a rich state with a stable financial structure Economically stable and well-off The well-developed milk cooperative which made the economy flourishing The total deposit base was 250 million dollars COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION The SHGs and NGOs had tried to bring about the community together People were economically viable and no access to formal finance They had no formal training or technical knowhow to participate in the interventions Community participation more or less absent There was already existing community participation in the form of milk cooperatives The people wanted to participate based on efficiency in the functioning of the banks, adequacy, timeliness, cost, security, convenience, staff and transactions. Almost 66 per cent of the villagers were inclined towards future credit facilities. ROLE OF BANKS Banks were not willing to open up branches due to the poor economic conditions Commercial banks came forward and started working with the SHGs, MFIs and NGOs. Bank of India was the first to take such initiatives It was profitable for the banks to enter into an agreement with the clients and the village cooperative milk-collection centre Already public banks had existing branches Most people were economically aware and active EDUCATION AND TRAINING People were illiterate No economic sense No technical knowledge Insufficient manpower and inappropriate technology due to lack of educated masses Unable to reap the benefits of Kisan Credit Card and General Credit Card People were already aware of the advantages of banks and formal credit and had some amount of economic sense Already existing communities and some amount technical knowhow INFERENCE Lead to financial exclusion and failure of the government initiatives Lead to Financial Inclusion and all-round development of the village CONCLUSION Empirical evidence shows that Financial Inclusion leads to Economic Growth. To have an inclusive growth we need to bring the under-developed regions of the country at par with the developed regions. The above case studies of Jharkhand and Gujarat are an example of glaring disparity in our country which can only be bridged through initiatives from the banks and the community as well. Banks should move beyond traditional products as deposits and credits and rather introduce insurance, mutual funds and introduce better schemes for financially secluded people and have better risk managements. Also establishment of a rural infrastructure is a prerequisite for financial inclusion. There should be programs to initiate more of community participation by starting vocational training for the rural youth and have an improved workforce. Commercial banks have to draw a clear line between sound and unsound practices and chalk out a financial inclusion strategy so that it does not give rise to subp rime crisis like situation. But we know that commercial banks always work with a profit motive. Thus the aim should be to enable the poor to get out of impoverished situations and in the process simultaneously enhance their own profitability. The dream of Inclusive Growth will not be complete until millions of micro-entrepreneurs are created across the country. All budding entrepreneurs have to face these challenges and find solutions. People working in the social sector should work for filling up the deficit existing in the economic and social arena. To sum up, Financial Inclusion is the road that India needs to travel toward becoming a global player. Financial access will attract global market players in India and that will result in increasing employment and business opportunities. Inclusive growth will act as a source of empowerment and allow people to participate more effectively in the economic and social process. ******************************

Xerox :: essays research papers

COUNTRY ISSUES Culture, Social, and Demographics:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When examining any company and their possible expansion into new markets you must first examine the culture, social, and demographic issues impacting foreign businesses. The Colombian culture has begun to show a bias towards American products as recently as 1998. As written in Carol Casper's New York Times article, 'There is a lot of interest in U.S. concepts and products...'; in not only Colombia but also all of Latin America. The interest has caused more American firms to begin to see these developing attitudes and expand their businesses into Latin America. For Xerox to also take part in this expansion they would be able to take advantage of the new interest.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Colombians, although, are not welcoming these companies with open arms. There is an interest in the U.S. businesses but as Dianna Jean Schemo reports; it is not uncommon to be threatened by the cartels of Colombia. These cartels want in on the inflow of money and will get involved in kidnappings and murderer if they see it necessary. In 1996, the last year these figures are available, the Federal Bureau of Investigation reported 19,645 homicides while in Colombia there were 26,627. For the fear of being on the wrong end of such instances American businesses need to be extra careful when trying to penetrate the Colombian marketplace. Xerox would not be as impacted by the threat of cartel interference. The cartels become more involved with restaurants and oil companies that have developed in Colombia. They have not developed any interest in the technology industry as of yet.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Colombia has a population of 37 million Spanish-speaking people. The annual growth rate is 1.7% and 95% of the population is Roman Catholic. In the urban areas a 93% literacy rate was found, as opposed to a 67% literacy rate in rural areas. This is due to the fact that only five years of primary school are offered in rural areas. This information regarding the population is encouraging. Although the rural population's literacy rate is low, the urban rate is quite high for a Latin American country. This rate leads me to believe that for Xerox to expand in this market with its technology/communication equipment would not be a problem. The majority of the targeted population where Xerox would be selling their products could understand the benefits of their product and would want to purchase Xerox products. Political/Governmental Concerns:

Observing the Human Condition :: essays research papers

Human’s, according to the bible, will always be evil because of one action; the action of biting the apple. Films like Fargo, Magnolia, and Pleasantville portray human nature constantly â€Å"biting the apple.† These films seem to share many views on how human nature is portrayed with the Bible. Betrayal and forgiveness are two prominent themes in the Bible as well as all three of these films. In particular, the film Magnolia seems to have almost every character commit betrayal of some kind. The one character that is true to Bonhoeffer’s â€Å"true discipleship† is Officer Jim Kurring. He values the lives he saves more than his own life, he is truly unselfish.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The movie Pleasantville is a clear parable to the Bible’s description of the Garden of Eden. Pleasantville portrays complete innocence amongst its population. Complete innocence that is, until David Wagner betrays the TV repairman (God) and begins to change the world of Pleasantville along with his sister Jennifer. Like the film, the Bible portrays humans as sinners by consequence. The movie also brings out the question of whether or not there is one true â€Å"garden of Eden† for everyone, or if we must learn to create our own paradise in order to truly be happy. Does God have our destiny created for us or must we create our own? When it comes to reconciliation and forgiveness, the movie does not seem to be a parable to the passages of the Bible. The Hebrew god brings chaos when he is betrayed by the sinners of the earth, like the flood. The movie has a much unrealistic view of how forgiving God is.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story of Cain and Abel can be paralleled to the movie Fargo. Jerry Lundenguard sacrifices his family for his own gain in much of the movie. The kidnapping of his wife depicts his total lack of clarity towards the safety of his wife. Even his own son seems unimportant to him, he is asked how his son is holding up and he has a moment of realization that he has not even thought about his son’s well being. Even the betrayal of the two killers at the end of the movie can be paralleled towards Jerry betraying his wife. Backstabbing is an essential part of this movie when compared to the Bible whether the betrayal involves evil vs. evil, or evil vs. good.

The European Union Essay -- EU Europe European Union Politics Essays

Introduction In the course of fifty years, the European Union has expanded from six countries united under economic treaties to a large collective of twenty-five sovereign nations. Maintaining the union within such a large group has grown more difficult as numerous treaties have been drafted to control the governance of the European Union. To reduce the number of treaties in the union, the convention decided to draft a Constitution, which now moves through the process of ratification in each of the sovereign nations. The Constitution works to set up a basis for the expansion of the Union and the requirements that need to be met when a country seeks entry into the Union. But with the greater controls the EU seeks to place on the legal arena, many countries question whether their individual sovereignty will survive in the system. The evolving legal system will be shaped by the Constitution, but the influence of the document could reach much farther than what it allows for in the text. In this paper, I intend to explore how the Constitution will affect the culture within the European Union through the legal changes imposed on nations and the further expansion of the Union. History of the European Union In 1950, after the economic depression caused by the first and second world wars, Europe sought a way to ensure lasting peace among the nations. The French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman, following the ideas of other world leaders, proposed to integrate the European coal and steel industries in the hopes that political and economic unity would ensure peace among the involved nations. This brought forth the European Coal and Steel Community in 1951, constructed between Belgium, West Germany, Luxembourg, France, Ital... ...e than the United States of America. Works Cited A Constitution for Europe. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2004. Craig, Paul and Grà  inne de Bà ¹rca. EU Law: Text, Cases, and Materials. Pg 9, 11. New York: Oxford University Press. 2003. d’Estree, Claude. Personal Interview. 9 March 2005. â€Å"E pluribus unum?†. The Economist. 25 September 2004. â€Å"EU Czech Klaus Reaction†. CTK National News Wire. Brussels. 4 March 2005. General News. â€Å"The History of the European Union†. 2005. Europa. 7 February 2005 . Wolf, Martin. â€Å"No way to create a more dynamic and flexible Europe†. The Financial Times: London England. Pg 17. 7 April 2004. Smith, Don. â€Å"RE: EU†. Email to Katie Mulligan. 9 March 2005. Smith, Don. Personal Interview. 2 March 2005.

Hrm Practices in Rmg Sector Essay

Acknowledgement: At the very beginning I express gratitude to my honorable course instructor Kazi Tareq ullah for his splendid suggestion, fantastic guidance, necessary recommendation, positive reinforcement, effective discipline, justice & fairness, recognition & rewards. His motivation power is also enormous for which I engaged my best efforts to prepare such a report of findings. I am proud to state that I got such a course instructor who was very much friendly with me. So, all thanks go to him as he extended hand for me wherever I needed. In fact, he made the course interesting to me and I can say proudly that I know something about different areas of business communication and organization analysis. I would like to thank to my classmates whose inspiration and co-operation helped me a lot during conducting the internship. Executive summery: In keeping with the vision and philosophy to be a truly strategic business partner to customers windy has made every effort to be involved at all levels of the business process. The in-house Design & Product Development team is backed with a dedicated sampling facility for fabrics and garments allowing windy to assist customers in their product development process and ensure a relevant and timely product for the market. Windy is set to be an integral partner providing a wide range of support and services across the entire supply chain. Windy’s 100% export oriented garment factories have a current annual production capacity of 5 million garments with a projected target of 15 million high quality garments. These combine the best of the indigenous features of Bangladesh such as easy availability of low cost skilled labor with focused investment in modern technology and qualified professionals. With strong focus on differentiated, innovative and value added products, the company has strengthened its design team and expanded its product development activities. With the trend–right products, it has been able to increase business substantially with the fashion forward customers. The company participated in international fair in many countries was highly appreciated by the customers which enhanced its reputation and increased its visibility in the international market. In the backdrop of quota elimination, uncertainties in the global market scenario, the company’s aggressive marketing team has been able to establish itself firmly to the customers as an important partner in the supply chain. Windy has invested in modern machinery and coupled this with superior technical expertise to ensure excellent quality in each of the 10,000 dress and casual shirts, 3,000 knit tops and 2,000 jeans and woven bottoms produced daily. The windy formula for success is to maximize the inexpensive skilled labor with management from a high tech perspective. Industrial engineering and work-study play and important role with software such as GSD & FMS used for data driven production management to maximize efficiency. The organization is managed by a group of top tier professionals specifically hired for their expertise in the various aspects of the garment production process. Regular training updates and technical inputs from visiting professionals and consultants equip all windy employees to excel in their areas and ensure top-notch product quality, value and service are received by business partners. In-spite these excellent facilities in fact, the company is facing tremendous problem in customer service. The Company can’t maintain its delivery schedule as required by the customers in most of the orders. In the bottom line, I do believe that the company has ample opportunities to upgrade itself by using all its resources, maintaining qualities, delivering goods to the customers in time and giving continuous effort to the overall customer service. We should always remember –â€Å" Continuous Improvement is the Road To Survival And Growth†. Contents – Introducton. 1.1-Introduction 1.2-Origin of the report 1.3-Rational of the study 1.4-Objectives of the report 1.5 –Methodology of the study 1.6-Limitation of the study -Background of the windy apparels ltd. 2.1-Introduction 2.2-Back ground 2.3-Management and organigation 2.4-Organigation chart -Human resource planning and policies of windy apparels ltd. 3.1-Planning and policies 3.2-Planning and policies figure -Job analysis of windy apparels ltd. 4.1-Job analysis 4.2-Job analysis method 4.3-Job analysis figure Recruitment and selection process of windy apparels ltd. 5.1-Recruitment 5.2-Constraints of recruiting efforts 5.3-Recruiting sources 5.4-The selection process 5.5-The selection process figure 5.6-Interview appraisal form 5.7-Reference verification check list Training and development of windy apparels ltd. 6.1-Training and development 6.2-Traning figure 6.3-Training approaches Performance appraisals of windy apparels ltd. 7.1-Performance appraisal 7.2-The appraisal process figure 7.3-Performance rating Compensasion of windy apparels ltd. 8.1-Compensasion 8.2-Types of Employees Reward 8.3-Service and Benefit 8.4-Safety and health program Disciplinary Action of windy apparels ltd. 9.1-Disciplinary action 9.2-Factors to consider when discipline 9.3-Funetion of disciplinary action -Conclusion and Recommendation 10.1-Conclution 10.2-Recommendation Referance Questioners- 1.1-Introduction: Administration is one of the important departments in the company to implement the policies rules and regulation. Administration department will manage the whole work process with the polices build up by the management of the company People working in the company are the greatest resource .Human resource department ensure the maximum benefit of the human working in the company and also ensure the maximum productivity by motivation. So in the company human resource department has a huge volume of influence to build up a better environment to work and maximize the productivity and company’s goodwill. 1.2- Origin of the report: This report originated as an academic requirement of BBA Program of Uttara University. After completion of the program period a student must submit the report on the assigned topic to the supervisor and to the department. I was assigned to project course on â€Å"HRM Practices in RMG Sector† for completing the program. 1.3-Rationale of the study: Theoretical knowledge is not enough for a student. It is essential for a student to acquire practical knowledge. This report is prepared for showing the windy apparels ltd and overall RMG sector. . According to fulfill the requirement the researcher has chosen to work on â€Å"HRM practices to RMG sector†. Therefore, this studies report is the outcome of an academic need as well as practical knowledge and the outmost and enthusiastic intention of the researcher under the proper and in-depth guidance of a highly experienced dedicated guide. 1.4-Objective of the report ⠝â€" This report is prepared primarily for the partial fulfillment of the BBA course requirement. ⠝â€" TO examine the RMG sector in windy apparels ltd. ⠝â€" To identify the main problems in RMG sector of windy apparels ltd and also its solution. ⠝â€" TO increase job satisfaction is essential for proper performance and good-labor management relation. ⠝â€" To make all organization programs an effective, HRM acts restlessly. ⠝â€" Finally to recommend some effective measures in improving the total system. 1.5-Methodology of the study: o Primary Sources ââ€" ª Face to face discussion with the HR.Manager of windy apparels ltd. Before sitting with him I have prepared a questionnaire ââ€" ª Direct observation ââ€" ª Other expert opinion o Secondary Sources ââ€" ª Yearly publication of windy apparels ltd ââ€" ª Relevant papers of financial statement ââ€" ª Some related information form the Internet ââ€" ª Other relevant books. 1.6-Limitation of the study In spite of my best effort , this study is not free from the following limitations: †¢ The time stipulated for the internship program †¢ Relevant papers and documents were not available sufficiently †¢ The authority has some policy for not disclosing some secret data and information which could be very much essential †¢ I am also less experienced in this regard. 2.1-Introduction: Established in 1999 the Windy group has expanded dramatically over the past 10 years and is today the largest and most diversified industrial conglomerate in Bangladesh. Employing 2,000 people including 50 qualified professionals and dealing in a wide of consumer and industrial products for domestics and global markets, Windy has fast become one of the leading foreign exchange earners in the country’s private sector. Textiles & Garments is the largest and fastest growing division of the Windy Group and presently accounts for half the Group’s business turnover and profit. The Group’s major investment continues to be concentrated in this Division. Among the variety of business, Windy Apparels Ltd ready-made garments manufacturing industry, which started its commercial production in March 1999 under the name of windy Apparels Ltd. Windy Apparels has successfully come a long way and proved its strength as a leading specialist in the industry for men’s high quality dress & casual Shirts and ladies blouses, trousers & dress. Since inception, the company has been growing steady. 2.2 – Background of the windy Apparels Ltd Windy Apparels Ltd is a situated in Rajendrapur, Gazipur, Dhaka. If has been established in 2002. There are 4300 employees work here. It contributes large portion of foreign currency exporting by ready made garments. Its total area is 38200 square feet and provides a good working environment. 2.3- Management & Organization: The over all management of the company will be vested with the Board 4f Directors. The Board of Directors will be formulated company’s policies & guide lines for its day to day business operations . The Managing Director will be the executive head who will look after the business affairs and other logistic supports of the economy. However Managing Director will be assisted by the managerial and technical personnel who will be the directors of the company. 2.4- ORGANIZATION CHART: 3.3 Vision windy apperals ltd. shall endeavor to excel in every aspect of their operation and thereby provide quality products and services to their customers. The organization will have a challenging and satisfying working environment so that the talents and potential of their human resource is given the full opportunity to blossom & grow. windy apperals ltd shall maintain a high degree of integrity in their business conduct and this characteristic will prevail in their dealings with their customers, their suppliers, their contractors, their financiers, their employees & indeed their entire society. 3.4 Mission Customer Policy: To always focus on the customer; because the customer’s satisfaction is their inspiration. Business Policy: To conduct the business with high integrity. Employee Policy: To nurture the best human resource through training & motivation. Quality Policy: To consistently developed high quality product to keep their standard above others. Environment Policy: To address environmental issues aptly & carry on their activities in line. Future Policy: To endeavor innovation to excel in every aspect of their operation. [pic] 3.1 Human Resources and Management Management and human resources management are one and the same. They should never be separated, Management is personnel administration. Management has the three jobs, two of which are directly related to personnel managing workers and work management is the process of efficiently getting things done with and through other people. HRD deals with the design of formal systems in an organization to ensure the effective and efficient use of human talents to accomplish organizational goals. There are many definitions about human resource management (HRM). One of the well known definitions offered by Michael Jucious (1984). He defined human resources management â€Å"Personnel management as the field of management which involves elements organizing, directing and controlling the function of processing, developing, maintaining and motivating a labor force†. It is process of acquiring, retaining, terminating, developing and properly using the human resource in an organization. Human resource management can be defined as a process of procuring, developing and maintaining competent human resource in the organization so that goals of an organization are achieved in an effective and efficient manner. Human resource management is â€Å"The policies and practices involved in carrying out the â€Å"People† or human resource aspects of a management position, including recruiting, screening, training, rewarding and appraising†. 3.2 Duties of HRD o Acquisition functions of HRD. o Developing functions of HRD. o Motivating functions of HRD. o Maintaining function of HRD. 3.3 Functions of HRM HR managers are performing a variety of functions. The functional areas of HR Management are changing as the time goes on. The main HRM functions include: 3.1- Human Resource Planning and Policies: Whenever windy apparels ltd is in the process of determining its human resources needs, it is engaged in a process we called human resource planning. Human resource planning is one of the most important elements in successful organization ensures that it has the right number and kinds of people, at the right place, at the right time, capable of effectively and efficiently completing those tasks that will help the organization achieve its overall strategic objectives. Human resource planning, then, ultimately translates the organization’s overall goals into the number and types of workers needed to meet those goals. Without clear-cut planning, and a direct linkage to the organization’s strategic direction, estimation of an organization’s human resource needs is reduced to mere guesswork. This means that human resource planning cannot exist in isolation. It must be linked to the organization’s overall strategy. The strategic planning process of windy apparels ltd is both long and continuous. At the beginning of the process, the organization’s main emphasis is to determine what business it is in the is commonly referred to as developing the mission statement. The mission of windy apparels ltd is to play a great role in economic development of the country. After reaching agreement on what business the company is in and who its consumers are senior management then begins to set strategic goals. During this phase, these managers define objectives for the company for the next five to twenty years. These objectives are broad statements that establish targets the organization will achieve. The goals of the windy apparels ltd is to contribute 5 % of total foreign exchange by exporting Ready Made Garments. After these goals are set, the windy apparels ltd begins the corporate assessment. During this phase, a company begins to analyze its goals, it current strategies, its external environment, its strengths and weaknesses, and its opportunities and threats, in terms of whether or not they can be achieved with the current organization resources. Commonly referred to as a â€Å"gap or SWOT ANALYSIS,† the company begins to look at what skills, knowledge, and abilities are available internally, and where shortages in terms of people skills or equipment may exist. The company must determine what jobs need to be done, and how many and what types of workers will be required. In management terminology, we call this organizing. Thus establishing the structure of the organization assists in determining the skill, knowledge, and abilities required of jobholders. 3.2-The strategic direction of Human Resource Linkage of windy apparels ltd is shown in the following figure mission Determining what business the organization will be in Objectives and goals Setting goals and objectives StrategyDetermining how goals and Objectives will be attained StructureDetermining what jobs need To be done and by whom PeopleMatching skills, knowledge, And abilities to required jobs 4.1- Job Analysis: Job analysis is a systematic exploration of the activities within a job. It is a technical procedure used to define the duties, responsibilities, and accountabilities of a job. A job analysis involves identifying and describing what is happening on a job.. accurately and precisely identifying the required tasks, the knowledge, and skills necessary for performing them and the conditions under which they must be performed. 4.2- Job Analysis Method: The basic methods that HRM can use to determine job elements and the essential knowledge, skills, and abilities for successful performance include the following: Observation Method: Using the observation method, a job analyst watches employees directly or reviews films of workers on the job. Although the observation method provides firsthand information, workers often do not function most efficiently when they are being watched, and thus distortions in the job analysis can occur. This method also requires that the entire range of activities be observable. This is possible with some jobs, but impossible for many for example, most managerial jobs. Individual Interview Method: Using the individual interview method, a team of job incumbents is selected and extensively interviewed. The results of these interviews are combined into a single job analysis. This method is effective for assessing what a job entails, and involving employees in the job analysis is essential. Group Interview Method: The group interview method is similar to the individual interview method except that a number of job incumbents are interviewed simultaneously. Accuracy is increased in assessing jobs, but group dynamics may hinder its effectiveness. Structured Questionnaire Method: Under the structured questionnaire method, workers are sent a specifically designed questionnaire in which they check or rate items they perform on their job from a long list of possible task items. This technique is excellent for gathering information about jobs. However, exceptions to a job may be overlooked, and there is often no opportunity to ask follows up questions or to clarity the information received. Technical Conference Method: The technical conference method uses supervisors with extensive knowledge of the job. Here, specific job characteristics are obtained from the experts. Although a good data gathering Method, it often overlooks the incumbent workers’ perceptions about what they do on their job. Diary Method: The diary method requires job incumbents to record their daily activities. The diary method id the most time consuming of the job analysis methods and may have to extend over long periods of time- all adding to its cost. These six methods are not meant to be viewed as mutually exclusive; no one method is universally superior. Even obtaining job information from the incumbents can create a problem, especially if these individuals describe what they think should be doing rather than what they actually do. Windy Apparels Ltd uses the individual interview method because it is an extensively interview method. When it involves in conducting the job analysis it follows the below items: 1. Understanding the purpose of conduction the job analysis: Before embarking on a job analysis, one must understand the nature and purpose of conducting the investigation. Recognize that job analyses serve a vital purpose in such HRM activities as recruiting, training, setting performance standards, evaluating performance, and compensation. In fact, nearly every activity in HRM revolves around the job analysis. 2. Understanding the role of jobs and values in the organization: Every job in the organization should have a purpose. Before conducting the analysis, one must understand the linkage that the job has to the strategic direction of the organization. In essence, one must answer why the job is needed. If an answer cannot be determined, then may be the job is not needed. 3. Benchmark positions: In a large organization, it would be impossible to evaluate every job at one time. Accordingly, by involving employees and seeking their input, selected jobs can be chosen based ob how well they represent other, similar jobs in the organization. This information then will be used as a starting point in later analysis of the other positions. 4. Determine how you want to collect the job analysis information: Proper planning at this stage permits one to collect the data desired in the most effective and efficient manner. This means developing a process for collecting the data. Several combined methods like structured questionnaires, group interviews, and technical conferences- should be used. Select the ones, however, that best meet your job analyses goals and timetables. 5. Seek clarification, wherever necessary: Some of the information collected may not be entirely understood by the job analyst. Accordingly, when this occurs, one must seek clarification from those who possess the critical information. This may include the employee and the supervisor. Failure to understand and comprehend the information will make the next step in the job analysis process- writing the job description- more difficult. 6. Develop the first draft of the job description: Although there is no specific format that all job descriptions follow, most include certain elements. Specifically, a job description contains the title, a summary sentence of the job’s main activities, the level of authority and accountability of the position, performance requirements, and working conditions. 7 Review draft with the job supervisor: Ultimately, the supervisor of the position being analyzed should approve the job description. Review comments from the supervisor can assist in determining a final job description document. When the description is an accurate reflection, the supervisor should sign off, or approve the document. 4.3- The steps of job analysis are shown in the following figure: Understanding the purpose Of the job analysis Review draft With supervisor Understanding the role of Jons in the Develop draft Benchmark position Seek clarification Determine how to collect job analysis information 5.1- Recruitment: After organizations have established their strategic direction and developed a corresponding employment plan, the organization must turn its attention to getting the right people. The jobs that have been identified and their associated skills point to very specific types of employees that are require. But these employees don’t just magically appear-nor do the frequently come knocking on the organization’s door. Instead, the company must embark on an employment process of finding and hiring qualified people. That process starts when the organization notifies the â€Å"public† that openings exist. The organization wants to get its information out such that a large number of potentially qualified applicants respond. Then, after several interactions with the most promising of these candidates will best demonstrate the skills, knowledge, and abilities to successfully perform the job. So Recruiting is the discovering of potential applicants for actual or anticipated organizational vacancies. 5.2- Constraints of Recruiting Efforts: While the ideal recruitment effort will bring in a satisfactory number of qualified applicants who will take the job if it is offered, the realities cannot be ignored. For example, the pool of qualified applicants may not include the â€Å"best† candidates; or the â€Å"best† candidate may not want to be employed by the organization. These and other constraints on recruiting efforts limit human resource recruiters’ freedom to recruit and select a candidate of their choice. However, we can narrow our focus by suggesting five specific constraints. 1. Image of the organization: We noted that the prospective candidate may not be interested in pursuing job opportunities in the particular organization. The image of the organization, therefore, should be considered a potential constraint. If that image is perceived to be low, the likelihood of attracting a large number of applicants is reduced. 2. Attractiveness of the job: If the position to be filled is an unattractive job, recruiting a large and qualified pool of applicants will be difficult. In recent years, for instance, many employers have been complaining about the difficulty of finding suitably qualified individuals for manual labor positions. In a job market where unemployment rates are low, and where a wide range of opportunities exists creating competition for these workers, a shortage results. 3. Internal organizational Policies: Internal organizational policies, such as â€Å"promote from within wherever possible,† may give priority to individuals inside the oth er than the lowest level entry positions, will be filled from within the ranks. Although this is promising once one is hired, it may reduce the number of applications. 4. Government Influence: The government’s influence in the recruiting process should not be overlooked. An employer can no longer seek out preferred individuals based  on non-job-related factors such as physical appearance, sex, or religious background. 5. Recruiting Costs: The last constraint, but certainly not lowest in priority, is one that centers on recruiting costs. Recruiting efforts by an organization are expensive. Sometimes continuing a search for long periods of time is not possible because of budget restrictions. 5.3- Recruiting Sources: Recruiting is more likely to achieve its objectives if recruiting sources reflect the type of position to be filled. Certain recruiting sources are more effective than others for filling certain types of jobs. a) The Internal Search: Windy apparels ltd will attempt to develop their own employees for positions beyond the lowest level. These can occur through an internal search of current employees, who have bid for the job, been identified through the organization’s human resource management system, or even been by a fellow employee. The advantages of such searches-a â€Å"promote from within wherever possible† policy- are: †¢ It is good public relations. †¢ It builds morale. †¢ It encourages good individual who are ambitious. †¢ It improves the probability of a good selection, since information on the individual’s performance is readily available. †¢ It is less costly than going outside to recruit. †¢ Those chosen internally already know the organization. †¢ When carefully planned, promoting from within can also act as a training device for developing middle- and top level managers. B) Employee Referrals/Recommendations: Sometimes windy apparels ltd recruits individuals who will perform effectively on the job is a recommendation from a current employee. Because employees rarely recommend someone unless they believe that the individual can perform adequately. Such a recommendation reflects on the recommender, and even someone’s reputation is at stake. Employee referrals also may have acquired more accurate information about their potential jobs. C) The external searches: Besides these windy apparels ltd is looking employees by the external searches for recruitment. These are discussed below 1. Advertisements: Windy apparels ltd gives advertisement various types of newspaper and wallpapers for employees it needs because it is large medium by which the news can reach maximum people. Besides these, windy apparels ltd sometimes recruits employees from various Schools, Colleges, and Universities, Professional Organizations, Cyberspace recruiting a unsolicited applicants. 5.4-The Selection Process: Selection activities typically follow a standard pattern, beginning with an initial screening interview and concluding with the employment decision. The selection process typically consists of eight steps: 1. Initial screening interview 2. Completing the4 application form, 3. Employment tests 4. Comprehensive interview, 5. Background investigation, 6. A conditional job offer, 7. Medical or physical examination and 8. The permanent job offer. Each step represents a decision point requiring some affirmative feedback for the process to continue. Each step in the process seeks to expand the organization’s knowledge about the applicant’s background, abilities and motivation and it increases the information from which decision makers will make their predictions and final choice. 5.5- The Selection Process in the following figure: Failed to meet minimum qualifications Passed Failed to complete application or failed job specifications Failed test impress interviewer Passed Passed Failed to impress interviewer Problems uncounted Passed Unfit to do essential Elements of job Able to perform Essential elements of job The Windy apparels ltd firstly prepare to initiate a primarily review of potentially acceptable candidates by two steps as (i) the screening of inquires and (ii) The provision of screening interviews. After completing the initiate screening applicants are asked to complete the organization’s application form. It required information about candidates present/ permanent address, candidates profile, job performance etc. When the candidate passes it, he is then given for employment test. In this point candidates are shown on intelligence, aptitude, ability and interest test  to provide major input to the selection process. After that candidates are given comprehensive interview. This interview is designed to probe areas such as assessing one’s motivation, ability to work under pressure, and ability to fit in with the organization. The next step in to undertake background investigation of the applicants who appear to offer potential as employees. This includes contacting former employers to confirm the candidates work record and to obtain their appraisal of his/her performance, other job related and personal performances, verifying educational qualification shown on application. If the candidates passes this, it is typically customary for a conditional job offer to be made. The conditional job offer implies is that if everything is okay- passing a certain medical, physical or substance abuse test. The next to last is the selection process may consist of having applicant may taka a medical/physical examination. Because a candidates has to perform a variety of activities that require a certain physical condition. Those individuals who perform successfully in the proceeding steps are now considered to be eligible to receive the employment offer. The procedures of selections process of windy apparels ltd are shown in the following- 5.6- Windy Apparels Ltd. Rajendrapur, Sreepur Gazipur.. Windy Apparels Ltd. Rajendrapur, Sreepur Gazipur. 3.7 Selection Procedures of EXIM Bank The selection process in Exim is not different from what is practiced in most organization starts with initial screening of CV’s goes on to written test and then a final interview before selecting the person. Selection decision can result in one of the four possible out comes. Two of these outcomes are right decision and two are wrong decision. | |Decision | | |Accept |Reject | |Letter of job performance |Successful |Correct decision |Reject error | | |Unsuccessful |Accept error |Correct decision | The current selection process in EXIM bank is described below: ââ€" ª Initial Screening: The process starts with initial screening choosing from the CV’s that fulfill the specific requirements. After a vacancy is announced and CV’s are already collected from different source, the Bank starts the initial screening process .then called for written test. ââ€" ª Termination: If any employee are out of the job in some cases is called termination. There are certain circumstances where-even through complaint is within jurisdiction the company can dismiss him without considering its merits. This is some time called early termination. ââ€" ª Termination Process of windy apperals Ltd.: The company any terminate the service of permanent employee by giving him/her notice in writing or salary in lieu therefore the period on under. 120 Days notice in case of subordinate staff or salary in lieu thereof. 90 Days notice for all other grades or salaries in lieu thereof. have during probation the Management may terminate the employee at any time without notice. The authority to terminate an employee of the grades from junior officer to Executive Vice President Lies with the Managing Director while that of Senior Executive Vice President and above can only be exercised by the Board of Directors. ââ€" ª Dismissal: An employee will be dismissed from the company service if he or she is guilty of misconduct or whatsoever according to the report of the enquiry committee the concerned dismissed employee will get only the own contribution of his/her provident fund. ââ€" ª Discharge on medical Ground: If an employee is incapable to continue his/her service for continues ill health mental abnormality and disorder, then the management discharge him/her from service on medical ground. He/She may be paid a ex-gratuity with other benefit with the approval of the Managing Director. 6.1 – Training and Development : Training is a learning experience in that it seeks a relatively permanent change in an individual that will improve the ability to perform on the job. We typically say training can involve the changing of skills, knowledge, attitudes, or behavior. It may mean changing what employees know, how they work, their attitudes to ward their work, or their interaction with their coworkers or supervisor. For our purposes, we will differentiate between employee training and employee development for one particular reason. Although both are similar in the methods used to affect learning, their time frames differ. Training is more present day oriented; its focus is on individual’s current jobs, enhancing those specific skills and abilities to immediately perform their jobs. 6.2- The training needs are shown in the following figure: 6.3- Training Approaches: The most widely used training methods take place on the job. The popularity of these methods can be attributed to their simplicity and the impression that they are less costly to operate. On the job training: Places the employees in actual work situations and makes them appear to be immediately productive. It is learning by doing, for jobs that either are difficult to simulate or can be learned quickly by watching and doing, on-the-job training makes sense. Off the Job Training: Off the job training covers a number of techniques classroom lectures, films, demonstrations, case studies and other simulation exercises, and programmed instruction. The facilities needed for each technique vary from a small, makeshift classroom to an elaborate development center with large lecture halls, supplemented by small conference rooms with sophisticated instruction technology equipment. 6.4- Career Development: 1. The responsibility for managing a career belongs to the individual. The organization’s role is to provide assistance and information to the employee, but is not responsible for growing an employee’s career. 2. A career is a sequence of positions occupied by a person during a course of a lifetime. 3. Career development from an organizational standpoint involves tracking career paths and developing career ladders. From an individual perspective, career development focuses on assisting individuals in identifying their major career goals and to determining what they need to do to achieve these goals. 4. The main distinction between career development and employee development lies in their time frames. Career development focuses on the long-range career effectiveness and success of organisational  personnel. Employee development focuses on more of the immediate and intermediate time frames 5. Career development is valuable to an organization t; because it (1) ensures needed talent will be avail- able; (2) improves the organization’s ability Jo attract and retain high-talent employees; (3) ensures that minorities and women get opportunities for growth and development; (4) reduces employee frustration; (5) enhances cultural diversity; (6) assists in implementing quality; and (7) promotes organization: goodwill. 6. The five stages in a career are exploration, establishment, mid-career, late-career, and decline. 7. The Holland Vocational Preferences are realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional. 8. Typology focuses on personality dimensions including extroversion-introversion; sensing-intuition; thinking-feeling: and judgirig- perceiving These four â€Å"pairs† can be combined into i(i different combination profiles. With this information, personality of jobs can be matched to personality of individuals. Some suggestions for managing your career include; U.) Select your first job judiciously; (2) do good work; (3) present the right image; (4) learn the power structure; (5) gain control of organizational resources; (6) stay visible; (7) don’t stay too long in your first job; (8) find a mentor; (9) support your boss; OO) stay mobile; (11) think laterally; (12) think of your career in terms of skills you’re acquiring and continue upgradiiu and 03) work harder than ever a developing a network. 3.9 Management Development of windy apperals ltd a. On the Job Development: †¢ Coaching. †¢ Under Study. b. Off the Job Development: †¢ Committee Assignment. †¢ Job Rotation. †¢ Sensitivity Training. †¢ Transactional Analysis. †¢ Training within the company. †¢ Training outside the company. †¢ Lecture Courses. †¢ Simulation Exercise. c. Workers Development: †¢ Coaching. †¢ Under Study. †¢ Committee Assignment. 3.10 Motivation Function of HRD of windy apperals Ltd. Motivation is the willingness to do something and is conditioned by their actions ability to satisfy same need for the individual windy apperals Ltd. Motivation process of windy apperals Ltd. †¢ Unsatisfied Need †¢ Tension †¢ Dives †¢ Search Behavior †¢ Goat Achievement †¢ Need Satisfaction †¢ Of Tension †¢ Job Design. †¢ Performance Evaluation †¢ Rewards †¢ Job Evaluation †¢ Compensation / Benefit †¢ Discipline 7.1-Performance Appraisals: Performance evolutions are an integral part of most organizations. Properly developed and implemented, the performance appraisal process can help an organization achieve its goals by developing productive employees. Although there are many types of performance evalution systems, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, we must be aware of the legal implications that arise. EEO laws require organizations to have HRM practices that are bias free. For HRM, this means that performance evalutions must be objective and job related. That is, they must be reliable and valid! Furthermore, under the Americans with Disabilities Act, performance appraisals must also be able to measure reasonable performance success. To assist in these matters, two factors arise: (i) The performance appraisal must be conducted according to some established intervals; and (ii) appraisers must be trained in the process. 7.2- The Appraisal Process is shown in the following figure: 8.1-Compensasion: 1. Rewards are the final link in the motivation model. After the effort has been expended, successful performance happens, and organizational goals are achieved, individuals are now ready to have their particular goals met. These goals, or rewards, can come in a variety of types. 2. Rewards can be classified as (1) intrinsic or extrinsic, (2) financial or non financial, or (3) performance-based or membership-based. 3. Some rewards are membership-based because one receives them for simply belonging to the organization. Employee benefits are an example of membership-based rewards, in that -every employee gels them irrespective of performance levels. 4. Compensation administration seeks to design a cost-effective pay structure that will not only attract, motivate, and retain competent employees, but also be perceived as fair by these employees. 5. Job evaluation systematically determines the value of each job in relation to all jobs within the organization. The four basic approaches to job evaluations are: (1) the ordering method, (2) the classification method, (3) the factor comparison method, and (4) the point method. 6. The final wage structure evokes from job evaluation input, wage survey data, and the creation of wage grades. 7.Competency-based compensation views employees as a competitive advantage; †¢! the organization. Compensation systems are established in terms of the knowledge and skills employees possess, and the behaviors that they demonstrate. Possession of these three factors is evaluated and compensated according to a broad-banded salary range established by the organization. 8. Executive compensation is higher than that of rank-and-file personnel and also includes other financial and non financial benefits not otherwise available to operative employees. This is done to attract, retain, and motivate executives to higher performance levels. 9. The balance sheet approach to international compensation -takes into account base pay, differentials, incentives, and assistance programs. Most of the types of employee rewords Garments Companies pay system do not follow the Human resources practice. The is no actual pay scale at level. The Windy apparels limited pay workers at Tk. 1650. The other employees are paid its manual system or contractual basis. Sometimes the worker is paid on production basis. The more the production the more compensation is paid. 8.3- Services and benefits: When an organization is designing its overall compensation program, one of the critical areas of concern is what benefits should be provided. Today’s workers expect more than just an hourly wage or a salary from their employer they want additional considerations that will enrich their lives. These considerations in an employment setting are call called employee benefits. Windy Apparels give some opportunities to the employees. There is PF social security, can unemployment compensation if gives only- i) Health insurance ii) Disability benefit iii) Bonus it gives twice yearly bonus to celebrate festival. This are discussed bellow: . [pic] Disability benefit: Programs are designed to ensure income replacement for employees in the event of a temporary or permanent disability arising from an injury or extended illness (typically originating off the job). iii) Bonus: It gives twice yearly bonus to celebrate festival. iv) Profit sharing bonus: Windy Apparels gives sometimes employees profit sharing bonus. When it earns a certain amount of profit it gives there a certain portion of profit which encourages employees to work more effectively. 8.4- Safety and health program: †¢ Involve management and employees in the development of a safety and health plan. If neither group can see the usefulness, and the benefit at /such a plan, even the best plan will fail. †¢ Hold someone accountable for implementing the plan. Plans do not work by themselves. They need someone to champion the cause. This person must be given the resources to put the plan in place, but also must be Aicld accountable for what it’s intended to accomplish. †¢ Determine the Safety and Health Requirements for Your Work Site. Just as each individual is different, so, too, is each workplace. Understanding the specific needs of the facility will aid in determining what safety and requirement will be necessary. †¢ Assess what workplace hazards exist in the facility. Identify the potent! a. health and safety problems that may exist on the job. By understanding what exists, preventive measures can be determined. †¢ Correct hazards that exist. If certain hazards were identified in the investigation in the assessment, fix or eliminate them. This may mean decreasing the effect of the hazard, or controlling it through other means (protective clothing). †¢ Train employees in safety end health techniques. Make safety and health training mandatory for all employees. Employees should be instructed how to do their jobs in the safest manner, and understand that any pro ‘tective eqir merit provided must be used. †¢ Develop the mind-set in employees that the organization is to be kept has and free. Often employees are the first to witness problems. Establish i means for them to report their findings, including having emergency pr3 educes in place, if necessary. Ensuring that preventive maintenance a impend follows a recommended schedule can also prevent the breakdowns from becoming a hazard. †¢ Continuously update and refine the safety and health program. Once the program has b een implemented, it must continuously be evaluated, am necessary changes must be made. Documenting the progress of the pro gram is necessary for use in this analysis. 9.1- Disciplinary action: The term discipline refers to a condition in the organization where employers conduct themselves in accordance with the organizations rules and standards of acceptable behavior. For the most part employees discipline themselves by conforming to what is considered proper behavior because they believe it is the reasonable thing to do. Once they are made aware of what is expected of them, and assuming they find these standards or rules to be reasonable, the seek to meet those expectations. 9.2- Factors to consider when discipline: †¢ Seriousness of problem †¢ Duration of the problem †¢ Frequents and nature of the problem †¢ Extenuating factors †¢ Degree of socialization †¢ History of the organizations discipline practices †¢ Management Backing 9.3- Function of Disciplinary Actions: Written verbal Warning: The mildest form of discipline is the written verbal warning. Yes, the term is correct. A written verbal warning is a temporary record of a reprimand that is then placed in the manager’s file on the employee. This written verbal warning should state the purpose, date, and outcome of the interview with the employee. Written Warning: The second step in the progressive discipline process is the written warning. In effect, it is the first formal stage of the disciplinary procedure. This is because the written warning becomes part of the employee’s official personnel file. This is achieved by not only giving the warning to the employee but sending a copy to HRM to be inserted in the employees permanent record. Suspension: A suspension or layoff would be the next disciplinary step, usually taken only if the prior steps have been implemented without the desired outcome. Exceptions-where suspension is given without any prior verbal or written warning occasionally occur if the infraction is of a serious nature. A suspension may be for one day or several weeks; disciplinary layoffs in excess of a month are rare. Employee welfare and benefit policy: ââ€" ¡ Gratuity: All regular employees who have experience of at least 7 Years are entitled to gratuity. As per service rules, an eligible employee gets a gratuity an amount equal to his/her two month’s basic pay for each year service ââ€" ¡ Provident fund: Each member contributes to the provident fund a sum equal to 10% of the basic salary payable to him / her per month and such percentage is deducted by the company from the salary of employee at the time of payment there of. The company contributes to the fund a monthly sum equal to 10% of the basic pay of each employee. ââ€" ¡ Group Insurance Policy: windy apperals Ltd. Have a fund named Employees Social Security Superannuation Fund that provides insurance to the employee on his/her family in case of death, disability or disease. Besides, there is another group insurance type arrangement her to take care of the employees house building investment. There is another fund called Employees House Building Investment Safety Scheme. ââ€" ¡ Other Benefits: As per the service rules an employee after fulfilling same criteria can enjoy car facilities from the company Car taking investment facilities from the bank whereas top SOWT Analysis of Human Resource Division of windy apparels Limited 5.1 Strengths Open HR Manual Empowered Work Force: Information Technology: Employee Evaluation: 5.2 Weaknesses Job Description HR Accounting Compensation and Benefits 6.3 Opportunities Management Information System. Human Resources Information System: Research and Development: Salary Survey Training andDevelopmen 5.4 Threats Comp and etitive Salary Turnover and Comp Turnover and etitive Salary Turnover and etitive Salary Turnover: New/Multinational Companies/ My Position & Duties I was assigned for my doing Internship in windy apperals ltd limited for the period of 120 days starting from 1STOCT, 2010 to 31st JAN, 2011,Rajendrapur Branch. In internship period I had no specific place. So I had no fixed duties in the organization. I worked under a Manager of Rajendrapur branch and I observed his different types of activities. The working environment place of windy apperals Limited is very much friendly. Every personnel of the HR Division was very much busy but they always tried to help me from their experience. In this organization there are three HRD functions. Those are Acquisition function of HDR, Motivation Function of HRD, Maintenance function of HRD. Human Resource Planning is the process by which an organization ensures that it has the right number and kinds of people, at right place, at right time capable of effectively and efficiently completing those tasks that will help the organization achieve its overall objectives. Windy apperals ltd. works for the development of its executives or potential executives in order to enable them to be more effective in performing the various functions of activities. Findings of the Study †¢ The HRD system of windy apperals Ltd is not skilled enough and does not follow latest technology. †¢ In HR Division, there is the huge lack of development activity. The employee joining windy apperals should be taken under a cordial orientation program which is absent. †¢ Proper training is very important issue for the employees of Financials organization. In windy apperals proper training need requirement is not justified rather done by the employee’s personal interest. †¢ Employee’s code of conduct or service manual is governed solely by the service quality unit. But there should be a coordination of HRD to measure the perfect evaluation of the employees’ performance. 10.1 Recommendation: From the above discussion we can recommend the following things †¢ Establishment and Enforcement of Garment Policy. †¢ Govt. should ease its regulation towards RMG sector. †¢ Fiscal financial incentives such as decrease in bank interest rate. †¢ Tax rate should be reduced in this sector. †¢ Derestriction Of foreign remittance flows that financed this sector. 10.2 Conclusion: HRM is the assenical for the RMG sector. It’s the following for hole industry. Administration is one of the important departments in the company to implement the policies, rules and regulation It’s the controlling for RMG sector. Reference: 1. www.hrm sector.com 2. Data collect from RMG financial statement. 3. Daily Star 4. Financial Express 5. New Age Business Questionnaires for Customers Instruction (Request to respondents) âž ¢ Please supply the truth information âž ¢ Please try to answer all the question âž ¢ Please tick the create answar 1. Do you think that WINDY APPARELS LIMITED is the largest garments manufacturer in Bangladesh? †¢ Yes †¢ No 2. Do you think that the reputation of windy apparels ltd is good in the world market? †¢ Yes †¢ No 3. Do you think that windy apparels ltd is more reliable than others in Bangladesh? †¢ Yes †¢ No 4. Do you think that the top management of windy apparels ltd is very sincere for any recovery of service? †¢ Yes †¢ No 5. Are you pleased with their management? †¢ yes †¢ No 6. Are you pleased with their working procedures? †¢ Yes †¢ No 7. Are you pleased with their hospitability? †¢ Yes †¢ No 8. Are you pleased with their sample development proceedings? †¢ Yes †¢ No 9. Are they offering you any design, which is developed in their own research center? †¢ Yes †¢ No 10. Are you interested to their design offered? †¢ Yes †¢ No 11. Are you satisfied with their product quality? †¢ Yes †¢ No 12. Do you think that their production capacity is sufficient? †¢ Yes †¢ No 13. Are you satisfied with their Compliance department? †¢ Yes †¢ No 14. Do you think that factory-working environment is international standard? †¢ Yes †¢ No 15. Is their technology updated? †¢ Yes †¢ No 16. Are you happy with the existing training programs of windy apparels ltd? †¢ Yes †¢ No 17.Do you enjoy working in this section? †¢ Yes †¢ No 18.In which area of operation of windy apparels ltd. you are responsible for? †¢ Production †¢ Quality Assurance †¢ HR/Admin 19. What do you think what could be done to minimize these problems? †¢ Training †¢ Motivation †¢ Monitoring 20.Do you think training can help you to improve your performance? †¢ Yes †¢ No [pic] ———————– Manger commercial Trainee Junior Executive Executive Assistant Manager Manager Manger Accounts Executive Commercial Commercial Manager Executive Marketing Assistant Manager Marketing Manager Maintenance Personnel Production Personnel Production Manager Finance Director Operative Director Managing Directors Carrier opportunity A leading Garment invites application from committed, bright, energetic candidates for the following positions. Name of Post: (1) Production Manager Candidates Eligibility: 6 to 10 years experience in a reputed garment factory in production, Highly experience, highly professional, possessing good health and prepare to work under pressure should only apply for the post. Good communication in English and good computer knowledge. (2). Quality Assurance Manager/ Sample Manager: Sample Manager will have to ensure all samples are related to job. Technical knowledge regarding Pattern and sewing operation. Application with cv, 2 recent passport size photographs and photocopies of all experience certificates is to be sent to the following address on of before April 30, 2008. Abobi Fashion Ltd. Road-30, Hemayetpur, Dhaka Reject Applicant Permanent job offer Medical, physical examination, if required conditional job offer Background information required Initial screening Complete application Employment test Comprehensive interview Conditional job offer Chairman Establish performance standard with employees Mutually set reasonable goals Measure actual performance Measure actual performance Compare actual performance with standard Discuss the appraisal with employee If necessary, initiate corrective action